Stability of IV Injection in Vials

Introduction

Unlike outpatient pharmacies, inpatient pharmacies also handle injectable medications.

Ampoules are typically single-use containers; once opened, they cannot be resealed, and any remaining medication must be discarded.
In contrast, reconstituted powdered drugs can sometimes be stored for a limited time, depending on their chemical and physical stability, which varies between brands.
To reduce costs, a reconstituted vial is ideally used for multiple doses. For example, a 1 g vial could provide three 300 mg doses.

Below are stability data for common IV vial preparations, including those that are reconstituted.

Unless stated otherwise, the stability information refers to the product after reconstitution.
For simplicity, this discussion excludes ampoule injections and the stability of reconstituted injections after dilution in various diluents (e.g., normal saline or 5% dextrose).

Antimicrobials

Acyclovir 250 mg Injection

Vacrax - Discard any unused reconstituted solution. When diluted with compatible infusion fluids, Vacrax injection is stable for up to 12 hours at room temperature (15-25°C).
Vaxcel - Store at room temperature (<25°C) for 48 hours. Do not refrigerate.
Zovirax - Discard any unused reconstituted solution. Stable for up to 12 hours at room temperature (25°C) when diluted with compatible infusion fluids.

Amoxicillin 1 g and Clavulanate 200 mg Injection

Clamentin - No data (discard remaining portion). When diluted with WFI or NS, stable for 4 hours when stored at 25°C and for 8 hours when stored at 5°C.
Clavicin - Use within 20 minutes.
Hovid Clamovid - Use or dilute immediately within 20 minutes. Reconstituted Clamovid injection for IV infusion is stable for 2-3 hours at 25°C and for 8 hours if refrigerated at 5°C.

Amphotericin B 50 mg Injection (Conventional) *Fridge Item*

Amphotret - Stable for up to 7 days when stored at 2-8°C.

Amphotericin B 50 mg Injection (Liposomal) *Fridge Item*

Ampholip - Discard unused balance solution.

Ampicillin Sodium 500 mg Injection

Kampibiotic - No data (discard remaining portion).
Pamecil - Use immediately.

Ampicillin Sodium 1 g and Sulbactam Sodium 500 mg Injection

Amsubac - For single use only. Balance solution should be discarded.
Unasyn - Use within 1 hour of reconstitution. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.

Anidulafungin 100 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Eraxis - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the infusion solution has been demonstrated for 48 hours at 25°C.

Artesunate 60 mg Injection

Artesun - Reconstituted and diluted solution should be stored below 30°C and used within 1 hour.

Azithromycin 500 mg Injection

Azee - Use within 24 hours at below 30°C after reconstitution. Diluted solution is stable for 24 hours at or below room temperature 30°C or for 7 days if stored under refrigeration 5°C.
Azomax - After reconstitution, solution can be stored below 30°C for not more than 24 hours. Diluted solution can be stored below 30°C for not more than 24 hours and at 2-8°C for not more than 7 days.
HP-Azithromycin - Chemical and physical stability of the reconstituted concentrate has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C. After reconstitution and dilution, the mixed solution is chemically and physically stable for 24 hours at or below 25°C or 7 days in the refrigerator (5°C).
Mylan - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted product has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C. The diluted solution is stable up to 7 days at 2-8°C and 24 hours at room temperature below 30°C.
Vaxcel - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted product has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25±2°C. The diluted solution is stable for 24 hours at or below 25°C or for 7 days if stored under refrigeration 2-8°C.
Pharmaniaga Zithrolide - After reconstitution: 7 days when stored at 2-8°C or 24 hours when stored at below 30°C. The diluted solution remain stable within 24 hours at below 30°C and 7 days at 2-8°C.
Zithromax - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted product has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C. The diluted solution is chemically and physically stable for 24 hours at or below 30°C or for 7 days if stored under refrigeration at 5°C.

Benzathine Penicillin 2.4 MU (1.8 g) Injection

Benzapen - No data (discard remaining portion).

Benzylpenicillin 1 Mega Unit (600 mg) Injection; Benzylpenicillin 5 Mega Unit (3000 mg) Injection

Bepen - Use immediately. Discard any remaining contents.

Caspofungin Acetate 50 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Cancidas - Reconstituted CANCIDAS may be stored at or below 25°C (77°F) for up to 24 hours prior to the preparation of the patient infusion solution. The final patient infusion solution in the intravenous bag or bottle can be stored at or below 25°C for up to 24 hours, or for up to 48 hours when refrigerated at 2-8°C.

Cefazolin Sodium 1 g Injection

Cephazolin-AFT - Reconstituted solution is stable for 12 hours at 25°C and for 24 hours if stored under refrigeration (2-8°C). Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion. Do not freeze reconstituted cephazolin.
Sandoz - Use immediately. If not used immediately, not longer than 24 hours at 2-8°C.

Cefepime 1000 mg Injection

Cefepime-AFT - Administer as soon as possible. If storage is needed, store at 2-8°C for not more than 24 hours.
Cefmex - Stable for 48 hours under refrigeration (2-8°C) when diluted with compatible infusion fluids.
Hovid Sefepim - Retain potency for up to 24 hours at below 22°C or for 7 days if refrigerated (2-8°C) when diluted with compatible infusion fluids.
Vaxcel - Stable for 7 days under refrigeration when diluted with compatible infusion fluids.
Verapime - Stable for 24 hours if refrigerated (2-8°C) or 12 hours at room temperature.

Cefoperazone Sodium 1 g Injection

Bicafar - A solution of 300 mg/ml is reported to be stable for 24 hours at 15-25°C and 5 days at 2-8°C.
Cefobid - Reconstituted cefoperazone solution at following parenteral diluents and approximate concentrations is stable for 24 hours at controlled temperature (15-25°C), 5 days at refrigerator (2-8°C) or 3 weeks at freezer temperatures (-20 to -10°C). Frozen samples should be thawed at room temperatures before use. After thawing, unused portions should be discarded. Do not re-freeze.
Medocef - Use immediately following reconstitution. If necessary, reconstituted solutions may be stored for up to 24 hours at room temperature (25±2°C) and 5 days in a refrigerator.

Cefoperazone Sodium 500 mg and Sulbactam Sodium 500 mg Injection

Cefper - Store at room temperature not exceeding 30°C for not more than 24 hours or at temperature 2-8°C for not more than 5 days.
Duoperazone - 24 hours at room temperature (25°C).
Sulperazon - 1 day at room temperature.
Vaxcel Cefobactam - 1 day at storage below 25°C.

Cefotaxime 1000 mg Injection

Hovid - Refer product leaflet for stability after reconstitution and use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Rekaxime - Discard any unused portion.
Vaxcel - Use immediately. Can be stored for up to 24 hours at temperatures below 25°C.

Ceftaroline Fosamil 600 mg Injection

Zinforo - Use immediately. After dilution, the chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for up to 12 hours at 2-8°C. Once removed from refrigeration to room temperature, the diluted product must be used within 6 hours.

Ceftazidime 1 g Injection; Ceftazidime 2 g Injection

Cefatum - When reconstituted in WFI, retain satisfactory potency for 12 hours if kept below 25°C or for 7 days if refrigerated (2-8°C). Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Fortum - After reconstitution and dilution: 6 hours below 25°C or 3 days in refrigerator (4°C). In the event that storage of constituted solution at 25°C after constitution cannot be guaranteed, then the label state either "use immediately" or "3 days in a refrigerator".
Vaxcel - Preferably to use freshly constituted solutions. Satisfactory potency is retained for 24 hours at room temperature (below 25°C) when prepared in WFI or other compatible diluents.

Ceftazidime 2 g and Avibactam 0.5 g Injection

Zavicefta - Use immediately. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.

Ceftriaxone 0.5 g Injection; Ceftriaxone 1 g Injection

Rocephin IV - Retain physical and chemical stability for 6 hours at room temperature (or 24 hours in the refrigerator at 2-8°C).
Ceftrex - Reconstituted solution retain physical and chemical stability for 6 hours at room temperature (or 24 hours at 5°C).
Hoftrex - Use immediately after preparation; retain potency for 6 hours if kept below 25°C and for 24 hours if refrigerated at 2-8°C.
Unocef - After reconstitution with sterile WFI, NS or D5%, ceftriaxone 100 mg/ml solutions remain stable (loss of potency less than 10%) for 2 days at room temperature (25°C) and for 10 days when refrigerated (4°C). After reconstitution with sterile WFI, NS or D5%, ceftriaxone 250 and 350 mg/ml solutions remain stable (loss of potency less than 10%) for 24 hours at room temperature (25°C) and for 3 days when refrigerated (4°C). After dilution with sterile WFI, NS, D5% or D10%, ceftriaxone intravenous solutions, at concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 mg/ml, remain stable (loss of potency less than 10%) for 2 days at room temperature (25°C) and for 10 days when refrigerated (4°C). Refer product leaflet for more information.
Vaxcel - The freshly reconstituted solution is recommended. Its efficacy is maintained for at least 24 hours at room temperature (or 72 hours in the refrigerator at 2-8°C).

Cefuroxime Sodium 750 mg Injection; Cefuroxime Sodium 1.5 g Injection

Anikef - Use within 5 hours when stored below 25°C and within 48 hours if refrigerated.
Sunacef - Store for up to 4 hours at room temperature (25-30°C) or 48 hours under refrigeration (5-10°C)
Vaxcel - Freshly reconstituted solution is recommended; Retain potency for 5 hours if kept below 25°C and for 48 hours if refrigerated. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Zilisten - Stable for 5 hours at 25°C and for 48 hours under refrigeration at 4°C. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Zinacef - Suspension and solution for injection: 5 hours below 25°C or 72 hours at 2-8°C; Solution for infusion: use immediately or within 24 hours at 2-8°C.

Ciprofloxacin 200 mg Injection

Ciprobay - Protect from light. Do not refrigerate or freeze. As the infusion solution is sensitive to light, only remove the bottles from the folding box for use. In daylight the full efficacy of the solution is guaranteed over a period of 3 days.
Ciproxol - Discard any unused portion
Ificipro - No data (discard remaining portion).

Clindamycin Phosphate 150 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Clindacin - Single use. Discard any unused portion.
YSP Tidact - No data (discard remaining portion). Store at 25°C after dilution for IV infusion. Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C when diluted with compatible fluids.

Cloxacillin Sodium 250 mg Injection; Cloxacillin Sodium 500 mg Injection

Cloxabiotic - Use within 30 minutes at 30±2°C. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Monoclox - Use immediately

Colistimethate Sodium 1 Million IU Injection

Colomycin - Single use vial. For IV infusion and nebulisation, chemical and physical in-use stability for 28 days at 4°C has been demonstrated. Neb (self-treating patient): use immediately or 24 hours in a refrigerator.
Pharmaniaga - Remain stable for 24 hours at 2-8°C (for both bolus injection and inhalation by nebulizer) and 1 hour at room temperature (below 30°C) (for infusion) after dilution with the compatible solutions.
Vaxcel - Store for 6 hours at below 30°C or 24 hours at 2-8°C.

Daptomycin 500 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Bedapt - After reconstitution: Chemical and physical stability of the reconstituted solution in the vial has been demonstrated for 12 hours at room temperature (25°C) and up to 48 hours if stored under refrigeration (2 to 8°C). Chemical and physical stability of the diluted solution in infusion bags has been established as 12 hours at room temperature (25°C) and 48 hours if stored under refrigeration at (2 to 8°C). The combined storage time (reconstituted solution in vial and diluted solution in infusion bag) must not exceed 12 hours at room temperature (25°C) or 48 hours at refrigeration (2 to 8°C).
Cubicin - After reconstitution: Chemical and physical stability of the reconstituted solution in the vial has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 25°C and up to 48 hours if stored under refrigeration (2 to 8°C). Chemical and physical stability of the diluted solution in infusion bags has been established as 12 hours at 25°C and 48 hours if stored under refrigeration at 2 to 8°C. The combined storage time (reconstituted solution in vial and diluted solution in infusion bag) must not exceed 12 hours at 25°C or 48 hours at 2 to 8°C.
Daptocord - Stability studies have shown that the reconstituted solutionis stable in the vial for 12 hours at room temperature and up to 48 hours if stored under refrigeration at 2-8°C. The diluted solution is stable in the infusion bag for 12 hours at room temperature and 48 hours if stored under refrigeration at 2-8°C. The combined storage time (reconstituted solution in vial and diluted solution in infusion bag) should not exceed 12 hours at room temperature or 48 hours under refrigeration at 2-8°C.
HP-Daptomycin - After reconstitution: Chemical and physical stability of the reconstituted solution in the vial has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 25°C and up to 48 hours if stored under refrigeration (2-8°C). Chemical and physical stability of the diluted solution in infusion bags has been established as 12 hours at 25°C and 48 hours if stored under refrigeration at 2-8°C. The combined storage time (reconstituted solution in vial and diluted solution in infusion bag) must not exceed 12 hours at 25°C or 48 hours at 2-8°C.

Ertapenem 1 g Injection

Invanz - The reconstituted IV solution, immediately diluted in NS, may be stored at room temperature (25°C) and used within 6 hours or stored for 24 hours under refrigeration (5°C) and used within 4 hours after removal from refrigeration. Solution of INVANZ should not be frozen. The reconstituted IM solution with lidocaine HCl 1% or 2% injection should be used within 1 hour after preparation.
Ertapenem Kabi - The reconstituted IM solution should be used within 1 hour after preparation. The reconstituted IV solutions should be diluted immediately after preparation.

Erythromycin Lactobionate 500 mg Injection

Eritrotex - Discard unused portion

Fluconazole 2 mg/ml Injection

Diflucan - Discard any remaining solution.
Fluconazole Kabi - Use immediately. For the diluted product, chemical and physical stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C.
Fluconol - Discard any unused portion.
Vaxcel - For single use only. Discard any remaining solution.

Ganciclovir Sodium 500 mg Injection

Cymevene - Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the infusion solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
HP-Ganciclovir - Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the infusion solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.

Imipenem 500 mg and Cilastatin 500 mg Injection

Bacqure - Keep at room temperature (25°C) for up to 4 hours or under refrigeration (4°C) for up to 24 hours. Should not be frozen.
Hovid - Discard any unused portion immediately after use.
Imipenem/Cilastatin Kabi - Use immediately. The potency remain for 4 hours at room temperature (30°C) or for 24 hours under refrigeration (5°C).
Nimedine - Stable for 2 hours when stored at 25°C.
Lastinem - Stable for 2 hours when stored at 25°C.

Levofloxacin 500 mg Injection

Levofloxol - Discard any unused portion.
Levores - The in-use (once rubber stopper perforated) storage condition and shelf life of Levores 5mg/ml Solution for Infusion will remain stable until 12 hours in room temperature (<25°C).

Meropenem 500 mg Injection; Meropenem 1 g Injection

Meronem - Single use only. Chemical and physical in-use stability for a prepared solution for bolus injection has been demonstrated for 3 hours at up to 25°C or 16 hours under refrigerated conditions (2-8°C). A solution for infusion is prepared by dissolving the drug product Meronem IV in either NS or D5% to a final concentration of 1 to 20 mg/ml. Chemical and physical in-use stability for a prepared solution for infusion using NS has been demonstrated for 3 hours at up to 25°C or 24 hours under refrigerated conditions (2-8º C). Constituted solutions of Meronem IV in D5% should be used immediately.
Hovid - Store reconstituted injection solution below 25°C for up to 3 hours or store in refrigerated condition (2-8°C) for up to 12 hours. Store infusion solution reconstituted with NS in refrigerated condition (2-8°C) for up to 6 hours or used immediately if not stored under refrigerated condition (2-8°C). Infusion solution reconstituted with D5%, to be used immediately.
Merogram - Single use only.
Meropenem-AFT - Single use only.
Meropenem Kabi - For single use only. Chemical and physical in-use stability for a prepared solution for bolus injection using WFI has been demonstrated for 3 hours at up to 25°C or 12 hours under refrigerated conditions (2-8°C). A solution for infusion is prepared by dissolving the drug product in either NS or D5% to a final concentration of 1 to 20 mg/ml. Chemical and physical in-use stability for a prepared solution for infusion using NS has been demonstrated for 3 hours at up to 25°C or 24 hours under refrigerated conditions (2-8º C). Chemical and physical in-use stability for a prepared solution for infusion using D5% has been demonstrated for 1 hour at 25°C or for 2 hours at 2-8°C.
Nuronem - Use immediately.

Metronidazole 500 mg Injection

Diazole - Single use only.
Metrogyl - Single use only.
Metronol - Discard any unused portion.

Micafungin Sodium 50 mg Injection

Mycamine - Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for up to 24 hours after preparation at 30°C when reconstituted with NS or D5. Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for up to 6 hours after preparation in a transfusion bag without light protection at 30°C when reconstituted with NS or D5%. Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for up to 24 hours after preparation in a transfusion bag with light protection at 30°C when reconstituted with NS or D5%.

Pentamidine Isethionate 300 mg Injection

DBL - Reconstituted solutions at concentrations of 100 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml are chemically stable for 48 hours when stored at 2-8°C and room temperature under fluorescent light. DBL Pentamidine Isethionate for Injection when reconstituted with WFI and diluted to 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL in Sodium Chloride Intravenous Infusion 0.9% and Glucose Intravenous Infusion 5% retained its potency for at least 48 hours when stored under fluorescent light at 21 ± 2°C. However, to avoid microbial contamination, the prepared solution should be used within 24 hours.

Piperacillin 4 g and Tazobactam 500 mg Injection

Aurotaz-P - Use within 24 hours at room temperature (15-30°C) or within 48 hours when stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C).
Hovid - Use as soon as practicable after reconstitution. If storage is necessary, hold at 2-8°C for not more than 24 hours.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Kabi - Chemical and physical in-use stability for reconstituted or diluted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
PipTaz-AFT - Stable within 24 hours at 2-8°C or within 12 hours at room temperature after diluted to reconstitution concentration by specified reconstitution solution (NS, WFI, D5%). Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection is stable within 12 hours at room temperature and 24 hours at 2-8°C after diluted to intravenous infusion concentration by specified solution (NS, WFI, D5%, dextran 6% in saline). To avoid microbial contamination, Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection should be used immediately after reconstitution. If storage is necessary, discard any unused portion after storage for 12 hours at room temperature, or after storage for 24 hours at 2-8°C. The total storage time for reconstituted and diluted solution should not exceed 12 hours at room temperature, or 24 hours at 2-8°C.
Tapicin - 24 hours at 25°C or 7 days under refrigeration (2-8°C). Diluted solution with WFI, D5% or NS are stable up to 24 hours at 25°C or 7 days under refrigeration (2-8°C).
Tazocin - Discard any unused portion after 24 hours if stored below 25°C but outside of the refrigerator or after 48 hours if refrigerated (2-8°C). Vials should not be frozen after reconstitution.
Tazpen - Reconstituted solution should be used immediately. Discard any unused portion after 24 hours if stored at room temperature (15-30°C) or after 48 hours if stored at refrigerated temperature (2-8°C). The reconstituted solution may be further diluted with one of the recommended compatible solvents at the suggested dilution volume and should be used immediately

Polymyxin B Sulphate 500,000 Units Injection

Poly-MxB - Product must be stored under refrigeration, between 2-8°C and any unused portion should be discarded after 72 hours.

Streptomycin Sulphate 1 g Injection

Streptin - After reconstitution, the solution can be kept for up to 1 day in a cool place (below 30°C). Protect from light and freezing.

Vancomycin HCl 500 mg Injection

Celovan - Dissolve 500 mg in 10 ml WFI to give a solution of 50 mg/ml. Reconstituted solutions containing 500 mg of vancomycin must be further diluted with at least 100 ml diluent (D5% or NS). The desired dose should be administered by intermittent infusion over a period of at least 60 minutes. Vancomycin powder for solution for injection/infusion 500 mg is stable for 48 hours when stored at room temperature (below 25°C) and 2-8°C when diluted individually with WFI, NS and D5.
Vamocin - Store in a refrigerator (2-8°C) for not more than 24 hours.
Vancorin - Store in a refrigerator (2-8°C) for 96 hours.
Vivocin - Ater reconstitution, 96 hours at 2-8°C or 30°C. After dilution, 14 days at 2-8°C.

Voriconazole 200 mg Injection

Vfend - 24 hours when stored at 2-8°C.
Voriconazole-AFT - Up to 24 hours at 2-8°C (in a refrigerator).
Vorikandin - Stored at 2-8°C (refrigerated) for up to 24 hours.
Vortimal - After reconstitution: 24 hours at 2-8°C. After further dilution: store at 25°C for 24 hours.

Zidovudine 10 mg/ml Injection

Retrovir IV - Must be diluted prior to administration. The required dose should be added to and mixed with Glucose Intravenous Infusion 5%w/v to give a final zidovudine concentration of either 2 mg/ml or 4 mg/ml. These dilutions are chemically and physically stable for up to 48 hours at both 5°C and 25°C.

Powder in Vials

Acetazolamide 500 mg Injection

Diamox - Up to 24 hours when stored in a refrigerator.

Alteplase 50 mg Injection

Actilyse - The reconstituted solution has been demonstrated to be stable for 4 hours at 2-8°C and for 8 hours at 30°C.

Aripiprazole 400 mg Injection

Abilify Maintena - Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 4 hours at 25°C.

Cetrorelix 0.25 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Asporelix - Use immediately after reconstitution.
Cetrotide - Use immediately after reconstitution.

Desferrioxamine B Methanesulphonate 0.5 g Injection

Desferal - The product should be used immediately after reconstitution (commencement of treatment within 3 hours). When reconstitution is carried out under validated aseptic conditions the product may be stored for a maximum period of 24 hours at 20-25°C before administration.

Digoxin Immune Fab 40 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

DigiFab - Use immediately. Use within 4 hours after reconstitution.

Esomeprazole 40 mg Injection

Emazole - Chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 30°C.
Escopro - After reconstitution with NS (concentration 8mg/ml), the solution is stable for up to 24 hours stored at below 30°C. After further dilution with NS (concentration 0.4 mg/mL and 0.8 mg/mL), the solution is stable up to 12 hours stored at below 30°C. For single use only. Any unused solution should be discarded.
Esome - The reconstituted & diluted solution should be stored at room temperature up to 30°C and administered within 12 hours for NS and Lactated Ringer’s Injection and administered within 6 hours for D5%.
Esoz - Use the reconstituted solution within 12 hours when stored below 30°C.
Nexium - Chemical and physical in-use stability after reconstitution has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 30°C.
Pompezo - Use the reconstituted solution within 12 hours when stored below 30°C
Vaxcel - Reconstituted solution can be stored for 12 hours at 30°C. A 40 mg solution of injection (8 mg/ml) is prepared by adding 5 ml of NS to the esomeprazole 40 mg vial. The reconstituted solution should be given as an intravenous injection over a period of at least 3 minutes. Any unused solution after 24 hours should be discarded. A 40 mg solution for infusion is prepared by dissolving the content of one vial with esomperazole 40 mg in up to 100 ml of NS for intravenous use. Any unused solution after 24 hours should be discarded.

Glucagon 1 mg/ml Injection *Fridge Item*

GlucaGen - Use immediately.

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin 5000 IU Injection *Fridge Item*

HuCoG - Use immediately after preparation. Discard any unused portion.
Pubergen - Use immediately and discard the unused solution.

Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate 100 mg Injection

Hovid - Use immediately after preparation.
Solu-Cortef - Store reconstituted solution below 30°C and protect from light. Use solution only if it is clear. Unused solution should be discarded after 3 days.
Zycort - Reconstituted solution should be used only if it is clear and should be discarded after 1 day. After reconstitution, protect the solution from light and freezing.

Infliximab 100 mg Injection *Fridge Item*

Remicade - When reconstitution and dilution are performed under aseptic conditions, Remicade infusion solution can be used within 24 hours if stored at 2-8 °C. Do not store any unused portion of the infusion solution for reuse.
Remsima - If reconstitution and dilution are performed under strict aseptic conditions, Infliximab infusion solution can be used within 24 hours if stored at 2-8℃. Discard any unused portion fo the solution.

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate 50 mg/ml Injection

Condep - No data (discard remaining portion).
Depogeston - No data (discard remaining portion).
Depo-Provera - No data (discard remaining portion).

Menotropin, Highly Purified 75 IU Injection

Menopur - Use immediately after reconstitution.
Gynogen HP - Use immediately after reconstitution and discard the unused solution. *Fridge Item*
HuMoG - Use immediately after preparation. Discard any unused portion. *Fridge Item*

Menotropin, Highly Purified 150 IU Injection *Fridge Item*

Gynogen HP - Use immediately after reconstitution and discard the unused solution.
HuMoG - Use immediately after preparation. Discard any unused portion.

Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate 1000 mg Injection

Solu-Medrol - Reconstituted solution (with bacteriostatic WFI): Store below 25°C and use within 24 hours, or store between 2-8°C and use within 48 hours. Admixture of reconstituted product: Store below 25°C and use within 12 hours, or store between 2-8°C and use within 48 hours.
Vaxcel - Reconstituted solution (with WFI): Store below 25°C or between 2-8°C, use within 48 hours. Admixture of reconstituted product: Store below 25°C or between 2-8°C, use within 12 hours.

Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate 500 mg Injection

Medixon - Should be used immediately after prepared. For single use only. Discard any unused portion.
Solu-Medrol - Reconstituted solution (with bacteriostatic WFI): Store below 25°C and use within 24 hours, or store between 2-8°C and use within 48 hours. Admixture of reconstituted product: Store below 25°C and use within 12 hours, or store between 2-8°C and use within 48 hours.
Solu-Pred - For single use only. Discard any remaining solution.

Omeprazole 40 mg Injection

Omepiva - The solution will remain stable for 4 hours below 30°C after reconstitution.
Omepro - After reconstitution, solution should be used immediately or within 4 hours and any unused portion should be discarded. After dilution, up to 4 hours when stored at room temperature (below 25°C).
Ozprosin - To be used immediately upon reconstitution.
Vaxcel - The reconstituted solution for injection and infusion is stable up to 12 hours (concentration 4mg/ml in citrate buffer, WFI, D5%) and 24 hours (concentration 0.4 mg/mL in NS and 5% w/v mannitol) at 25°C.
Zefxon - 4 hours after reconstitution. Store at room temperature below 25°C.

Pantoprazole 40 mg Injection

Controloc - The reconstituted solution must be used within 12 hours after preparation at not more than 25°C.
Panpriva - The solution will remain stable for 12 hours at room temperature (30°C) after reconstitution and dilution.
Pantocid - After preparation, the solution must be used within 12 hours at not more than 25°C.
Pantosec - After reconstitution, or reconstitution and dilution, chemical and physical in use stability has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 25°C.
Sandoz - After reconstitution, or reconstitution and dilution, chemical and physical in use stability has been demonstrated for 12 hours at not more than 25°C.
Stripole - 12 hours at 25°C.
Topraz - After reconstitution, or reconstitution and dilution, chemical and physical in use stability has been demonstrated for 12 hours at 25°C.
Vaxcel - The reconstituted solution must be stored at below 25°C and used within 24 hours after preparation.

Parecoxib Sodium 40 mg Injection

Dycox - Use immediately.
Dynastat - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C. Do not refrigerate or freeze the reconstituted product.
Invox - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C.
Parestat - Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C.
Panaxib - Use immediately.

Rocuronium Bromide 10 mg/ml Injection *Fridge Item*

Esmeron - Since Esmeron does not contain a preservative, the solution should be used immediately after opening the vial. Administration should be begun immediately after mixing, and should be completed within 24 hours. Unused solutions should be discarded. After dilution with infusion fluids, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 72 hours at 30℃.
Rocsur - Rocuronium bromide injection should be stored at 2-8°C in the dark. it will be stable for 6 months when stored below 25°C. Opened vial can be used within 30 days, if stored at temperature between 20-25°C.
Rocuronium Kabi - The product should be used immediately after opening the vial. After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability of a 5.0 mg/ml and 0.1 mg/ml solution with the listed compatible diluents has been demonstrated for 72 hours up to 30°C.

Sodium Valproate 400 mg Injection

Epilim - For intravenous use, the reconstituted solution should be used immediately, and any unused portion discarded. If the reconstituted solution is further diluted for use as an infusion solution, the dilute solution may be stored for up to 24 hours if kept at 2-8°C before use, discarding any remaining after 24 hours.

Streptokinase 1500,000 IU Injection

Streptokinase Karma - The reconstituted solution should not be stored for more than 24 hours in a refrigerator at 2-8°C.

Tenecteplase 10000 Units (50 mg) Injection

Metalyse - The reconstituted solution has been demonstrated to be stable for 24 hours at 2-8°C and for 8 hours at 30°C.

Urofollitropin 75 IU Injection; Urofollitropin 150 IU Injection *Fridge Item*

Foliculin - Use immediately. Dicard any unused portion.
Sanzyme FSH - Use immediately and discard any unused solution.

Urokinase 5000 IU Injection *Fridge Item*

Fraginase 5000 - Use immediately. Discard unused portion of the reconstituted solution.

Solution in Vials

Acetylcysteine 200 mg/ml Injection

Hidonac - The reconstituted solution is stable for 24 hours at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.
Infusol NAC - The solution should be used within 24 hours after dilution.

Adenosine 3 mg/ml Injection

Adenorythm - For single use only. Any portion of the vial, not used at once after opening, should be discarded.
Myodeen - Discard unused portion.

Carbetocin 100 mcg/ml Injection

Duratocin RTS - Use immediately.
Pharmidea - Use immediately.

Beractant Intrathecal 25 mg/ml Suspension *Fridge Item*

Survanta - For single use only. Upon opening, discard unused drug.

Bupivacaine 0.5% Injection

Marcaine - Single use only.
Pharmaniaga - If only part used, discard the remaining solution.
Pivakan - Single use only. Discard unused portion.

Bupivacaine 0.5% with Adrenaline 1:200,000 Injection

Marcaine 0.5% with Adrenaline - Discard any unused solution.

Chlorpheniramine 100 mg in 10 ml Vial

Pirimat - Store in refrigerator for not more than 4 weeks. Do not freeze.

Daratumumab 20 mg/ml Concentrate for Solution for Infusion *Fridge Item*

Darzalex - Use immediately. If not used immediately, the solution may be stored in a refrigerator protected from light at 2-8°C for up to 24 hours prior to use, followed by 15 hours (including infusion time) at room temperature 15–25°C and room light. If stored in the refrigerator, allow the solution to come to room temperature before administration.

Dexmedetomidine HCl 100 mcg/ml Injection

Dexdor - After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C.
Dexmedetomidine Kabi - After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C and 2-8°C at 4 mcg/ml in all proposed compatible solution except for 20% Mannitol.
Emidex - After dilution, store at room temperature (<30°C) up to 48 hours.
Hydex - After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
Icunes - After dilution, the solution should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 30°C and to be used within 24 hours of dilution.
Precedex - Use as soon as possible after dilution. If storage is necessary, store at 2-8°C for not more than 24 hours.
Unidex - After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 30°C and 2-8°C at 4 mcg/ml in NS.

Dobutamine 12.5 mg/ml Injection

Mobitil - Although chemically stable for 24 hours, prepared solutions should be used immediately after dilution.
Pharmaniaga - Must be diluted prior used. The solution remain stable for 24 hours at room temperature (30°C) after diluted with the compatible solutions.

Dopamine HCl 40 mg/ml Injection

Dopaine - Must be diluted before use with the appropriate diluents. The solution should be used within 24 hours after reconstitution.
Loxin - After dilution in appropriate intravenous solution for infusion, dopamine is stable for at least 24 hours.
Pharmaniaga - Following dilution in the recommended diluents, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at room temperature (<30°C).

Esmolol HCl 10 mg/ml Injection

Esocard - For single use only.

Ferric Derisomaltose 100 mg/ml Injection

MonoFer - Use immediately.

Filgrastim (G-CSF) 30 MU in 0.5 ml Injection *Fridge Item*

Accofil - Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the diluted solution for infusion has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
Neupogen - Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the diluted solution for infusion has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
Nivestim - For single use only.
Zarzio - The syringe can be removed from the refrigerator and left at room temperature for a single period of maximum 8 days (but not above 25°C). Use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of the diluted solution for infusion has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C.

Heparin 1000 Units/ml Injection

Heparinol - Following the withdrawal of the first dose, the remainder should be used within 28 days. This claim is valid under the following: Aseptic technique is employed during removal of heparin from vial, the withdrawal of the heparin solution is via the rubber bung, do not refrigerate after opening.
Unihepa - When diluted with NS or D5%, should be used within 24 hours if stored in 2-8°C or used within 4 hours if stored in 25°C.

Heparin 5000 Units/ml Injection

Heparinol - Following the withdrawal of the first dose, the remainder should be used within 28 days. This claim is valid under the following: Aseptic technique is employed during removal of heparin from vial, the withdrawal of the heparin solution is via the rubber bung, do not refrigerate after opening.
Unihepa - A vial can be stored for up to 28 days at 30°C following first withdrawal, provided the solution withdrawn with aseptic technique.
Vaxcel - If withdrawal of injection solution from the container is performed under aseptic conditions, a vial can be stored over up to 14 days after the first use.

Human Albumin Injection

Albunorm (5%, 20%, 25%) - Use immediately.
AlbuRx (5%, 20%, 25%) - Use immediately.
Albutein (5%, 20%, 25%) - Use immediately. Do not begin administration more than 4 hours after the container has been entered.
Flexbumin (20%, 25%) - Administer within 4 hours after the container has been entered. Discard unused portion.
Human Albumin Grifols (5%, 20%) - Use immediately.
Plasbumin (25%) - Single dose vial. Do not begin administration more than 4 hours after the container has been entered.

Human Normal Immunoglobulin Injection

Flebogamma 5% DIF - Use immediately.
Privigen 10% - Use immediately.

Idarucizumab 50 mg/ml Injection *Fridge Item*

Praxbind - Use immediately. After opening the vial, chemical and physical in-use stability of idarucizumab has been demonstrated for 6 hours at room temperature.

Iron (III) Hydroxide Sucrose Complex 20 mg/ml Injection

Ainiron - Use immediately after dilution.
Avofer - Use immediately. After dilution, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 13 hours at 25°C and 4°C.
Sucrofer - Use immediately. After dilution with NS, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 7 days at 25±2°C.
Venofer - Use immediately. After dilution with NS, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25°C.

Ketamine 50 mg/ml Injection

Kanox - Store below 25ºC. Protect from light. Stability after opening: Please store in refrigerator for not more than 4 weeks. Do not freeze. Discard if any physical changes observed.

Leucovorin Calcium 10 mg/ml Injection *Fridge Item*

Cafonate - For single use only.
HSP - For single use only.
Leucovorin Kabi - For single use only. Refer product leaflet for use with different diluents for intravenous infusion.
Pharmaniaga - For single use only. Discard any unused portion.

Levetiracetam 100 mg/ml Injection

HP-Levetiracetam - After dilution: 24 hours at 15-30°C.
Intiracetam - The diluted solution for infusion should be used immediately
Keppra - Levetiracetam concentrate was found to be physically compatible and chemically stable when mixed with the following diluents (NS, Lactated Ringer's Injection, D5%) for at least 24 hours and stored in PVC bags at controlled room temperature 15- 25°C.
Lettra - After dilution with NS, no longer than 24 hours when stored below 30°C.
Levetiracetam-AFT - Use as soon as practicable after dilution/preparation. If storage is necessary, hold at 2-8°C for not more than 24 hours OR not more than 6 hours at room temperature (below 25°C).
Levetroy - Levetiracetam 100 mg/mL concentrate for solution for infusion was found to be physically compatible and chemically stable up to 24 hours when mixed with a suitable diluent and stored in PVC bags at controlled room temperature 15-25°C and 2-8°C.
Levipil - After dilution: 24 hours.
Levisat - After dilution, please use within 24 hours, store below 30°C. Balance solution or unused solution should be discarded.

Lignocaine 1% Injection

Lakan - Store in refrigerator for not more than 4 weeks. Do not freeze. Discard if physical changes observed.

Lignocaine 2% Injection

Lakan - Store in refrigerator for not more than 4 weeks. Do not freeze. Discard if physical changes observed.
Pharmaniaga Lidocaine - Once opened, this product is stable for 72 hours at both refrigerated condition (0-10°C) and under 30°C storage condition.
Vaxcel - Discard unused portions of solutions form the container.

Magnesium Sulphate 50% Injection

INJECSOL MgSO4 - The solution should be used within 24 hours after dilution.

Methylprednisolone Acetate 40 mg Injection

Depo-Medrol - For single use.

Ocrelizumab 300 mg/ml Injection *Fridge Item*

Ocrevus - For diluted solution for intravenous infusion, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C and subsequently for 8 hours at room temperature.

Pamidronate 30 mg Injection

Mylan - Discard any unused portion after opening.

Paracetamol 10 mg/ml Injection

Ifimol - For single use only. Any unused solution should be discarded.
INFUSOL PCM - Single use only. Discard all unused contents.
Paracetamol Kabi - Use immediately. After first opening, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at room temperature

Ranibizumab 10 mg/ml Intravitreal Injection *Fridge Item*

Accentrix - Single use only. After injection, any unused product must be discarded.

Sugammadex 100 mg/ml Injection

Bridion - Use immediately. If the dilution is done under aseptic conditions, the shelf life of the diluted product is up to 48 hours at 2°C to 25°C. If the dilution is not performed under controlled and aseptic conditions, the shelf life of the diluted product is the responsibility of the user and would normally not be more than 24 hours at 2°C to 8°C.
Madex - Use immediately. If the dilution is done under aseptic conditions, the shelf life of the diluted product is up to 48 hours at 2°C to 25°C. If the dilution is not performed under controlled and aseptic conditions, the shelf life of the diluted product is the responsibility of the user and would normally not be more than 24 hours at 2°C to 8°C.

Triamcinolone 10 mg/ml Injection

Shincort - No data (discard remaining portion)

Triamcinolone 40 mg/ml Injection

Shincort - No data (discard remaining portion)
Sivkort - Discard any unused portion.
Tricort - For single use only. Discard any remaining solution.

Tuberculin PPD Injection *Fridge Item*

Tuberculin PPD RT 23 AJV - After removal of the first dose, the capped vial must be stored between 2°C to 8°C. Any remaining contents must be used within 24 hours.

Varicella Zoster Immunoglobulin (Human) 25 IU/ml Solution for Infusion *Fridge Item*

Varitect CP - Use immediately.

Zoledronic Acid 4 mg/5ml Injection

Oledron - After further dilution, use immediately. If not used immediately, the solution should be refrigerated at 2-8°C, not be longer than 24 hours. The refrigerated solution should then be equilibrated to room temperature prior to administration.
Zolasta - After dilution, use immediately. Chemical and physical in-use stability of diluted preparation has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8°C
Zoledronic Acid Kabi - The diluted solution for infusion should be used immediately. If not used immediately, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8ºC. The refrigerated solution should then be equilibrated to room temperature prior to administration.
Zolex - After dilution in 100 ml NS or glucose 5%, use immediately. If not used immediately, chemical and physical in-use stability has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 2-8ºC. The refrigerated solution should then be equilibrated to room temperature prior to administration.

Zoledronic Acid 4 mg/100 ml Injection

Zometa - Once opened, store Zometa 4mg/100ml solution for infusion at 2-8°C, and it is to be used undiluted or for dilution (reduced doses) within 24 hours.

Zoledronic Acid 5 mg/100 ml Injection

Aclasta - Use immediately. After opening, the solution is chemically and physically stable for at least 24 hours at 2-8°C.

Special Cases for Ampoules

Naloxone HCl 0.4 mg/ml Injection

Mapin - Naloxone may be diluted for intravenous infusion in NS or D5%. The addition of 2mg of naloxone in 500ml of either solution provides a concentration of 0.004mg/ml. Infusion should be commenced as soon as practicable after preparation of the mixture in order to reduce microbiological hazards. Preparations not used within 24 hours should be discarded.

Sodium Glycerophosphate for Addition into Infusion Solution

Glycophos - Must not be given undiluted. Glycophos may only be added to or mixed with other medicinal products for which compatibility has been documented (refer product leaflet for more information). With regards to the risk of contamination, the mixture should be used within 24 hours.

Summary

The data presented here do not constitute a comprehensive list of IV injectables, but they are intended to facilitate daily tasks.

While chemical and physical stability may be observed during in-use periods, immediate administration is recommended from a microbiological perspective, particularly when aseptic preparation is not guaranteed.
If immediate use is not possible, in-use storage times and conditions prior to administration are the responsibility of the user and should typically not exceed 24 hours at 2 to 8°C.
Therefore, to fully realize the benefits of stability post-reconstitution or vial opening, it is essential that ward nurses receive comprehensive education regarding storage and stability.

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